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A tower built on the island of Pharos that became one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This ancient wonder is also identified as "Lighthouse of Alexandria." Built around 280 BC in Alexandria, Egypt, the lighthouse is 115 to 135 meters tall (approx. 380 - 440 ft). It was among the tallest structures of that time and was used to help direct sailors into the harbor at night.
A tower built on the island of Pharos that became one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. This ancient wonder is also identified as "Lighthouse of Alexandria." Built around 280 BC in Alexandria, Egypt, the lighthouse is 115 to 135 meters tall (approx. 380 - 440 ft). It was among the tallest structures of that time and was used to help direct sailors into the harbor at night.
Alparslan Türkeş, who is the founder of the far right Nationalist Movement Party, released a political pamphlet titled The Nine Lights Doctrine in 1965 listing nine basic principles that formed the core of the main nationalist ideology in Turkey: nationalism, idealism, moralism, societalism, scientism, independentism, ruralism, progressivism, populism, industrialism, and technologism.
Alparslan Türkeş, qui est le fondateur du Parti du Mouvement Nationaliste d'extrême droite, a publié un pamphlet politique intitulé La Doctrine des Neuf Lumières en 1965, annonçant les neuf principes de base qui ont formé le noyau de l'idéologie nationaliste principale en Turquie: le nationalisme, l'idéalisme, le moralisme, socialisme, scientificité, l'indépendantisme, la ruralité, le progressisme, le populisme, l'industrialisme, et le technologisme.
Also known as Kemalism is the principle that defines the basic characteristics of the Republic of Turkey. These principals are republicanism, populism, secularism, reformism, nationalism and statism. It is also the banner of Republican People's party (CHP) which was established by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1923.
Aussi connu sous le nom kémalisme, c'est le principe qui définit les caractéristiques fondamentales de la République de Turquie. Ces principes sont le républicanisme, le populisme, la laïcité, le réformisme, le nationalisme et de l'étatisme. Ces six flèches sont également la bannière du parti républicain du peuple (CHP), qui fut créé par Mustafa Kemal Atatürk en 1923.
